Mesothelioma - Glossary
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Background level
- The expected amount of a given substance in a specific environment.
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Bilateral
- Existing on both sides; in mesothelioma, this term is used to indicate that both lungs are diseased.
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Biologic therapy
- Also known as immunotherapy, biologic therapy stimulates a patient's immune system in order to fight disease and infection. May be considered a type of chemotherapy.
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Biomarkers
- A detectable compound or protein that indicates exposure to a certain element has occurred.
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Biopsy
- The removal of tissue or cells for microscopic examination to detect cancer or mesothelioma. Incisional or core biopsies deal with a small tissue sample. Excisional biopsies deal with the removal of a lump or suspicious area. Needle biopsies (fine-needle aspirations) deal with fluid or sample tissue that is extracted using a needle. Pleural biopsies deal with the lungs specifically and are essential to a mesothelioma diagnosis.
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Biphasic
- Also called mixed mesothelioma, biphasic mesothelioma has both sarcomatoid and epithelial elements.
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Brachytherapy
- A form of cancer treatment in which tube-like seeds containing radiation are inserted into or next to a tumor. This early form of cancer treatment has been replaced by external radiation therapy for the most part, but is still used for conditions such as prostate cancer.
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B-reader
- A NIOSH-certified practitioner qualified to interpret chest x-rays specifically for dust-related diseases, including mesothelioma.
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Breakthrough pain
- Pain that "breaks through" normalcy; usually occurs in patients who suffer from chronic pain that is normally controlled by medication.
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Bronchi
- The main passages leading from the trachea (windpipe). The bronchi enable air to move through the lungs.
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Bronchiole
- A small subdivision of the bronchi.
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Bronchogenic carcinoma/cancer
- A variety of lung cancer.
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Bronchopleural fistula
- A complication that arises from extrapleural pneumonectomy. A fistula causes the closed bronchial tube to leak air.
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Bronchoscopy
- A medical procedure in which a bronchoscope tube is inserted through the mouth or nose to examine the passages used for breathing at the lungs' entrance.
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Butchart staging system
- A staging system that characterizes mesothelioma severity; the most common mesothelioma staging system. The Butchart system determines its levels (I through IV) by the tissues involved.
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